Machine for making and inserting metallic fastenings.



No. 669,023. Patented Feb. 26, M". L. A. GASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application'flled Oct. 26. 1899.]

(No Model.)

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N0. 669,023. Patented r66. 26, I90L L. A. CASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSEBTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application filed Oct. 26. 1899. I

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(No Model.)

No. 669,023. Patented Feb. 26, I90I. L. A. CASGRAIN. MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1899.)

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No. 669,023. Patented Feb. 26, BC".

' L. A. CASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS. (Application filed on. 26. 1899.)

(No Model.) ll Sheets-Sheet 4 lUlIIIL B1 I IHHIIHIJ llum a T MIL w'" mm? I No. 669,023. Patented Feb. 26,'|90|.

L. A. cAsa nAm. MACHINE FOR MAKING AND 'INS'ERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1899') (No llodal.) ll Shoots-Sheet 5.

'No. 669,023. Patented Feb. 26, 1am.- L. A. CASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING MID INSERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1899.1 (No Model.)

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No. 669,023. 7 Patented Feb. 26; l90l.

L. A. CASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSEBIING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application fllod Oct. 26, 1899.)

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' Y MM No. 669,023. Patented Fab. 26,'l90l.

L. A. CASGRAI'N. MACHINE FOR MAKING AND l-NSERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1899. ,(No llfldel.) 31 ll Sheets-Sheet 8.

No. 669,023. Patentad Feb. 26., [90L L. A. CASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSEBTING METALLIC FASTENING S.

(Application filed Oct. 26 1699.!

No Model.)

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No. 669,023 Patented Feb. 26, I901.

L. A. CASGRAIN. MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSEBTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

Aunlication filed Oct. 26, 1899.) I (No Model.) ll Sheets-Sheet l0.

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No. 669,023. Pata nted Feb. 26, 1am. v A. CASGBAIN. MACHINE FOR MAKING AND INSERTIN'G METALLIC FASTENINGS.

(Application filed Oct. 26, 1899.) (No Model.)

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THE norms PETER-I co.. ncxrowmc" mmum'on, a, c.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN, OF \VINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE UNITED Sl-IOE MACHINERY COMPANY,

OF NEW JERSEY.

MACHINE FOR MAKINGAND INSERTING METALLIC FASTENINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,023, dated February 26, 1901.

Application filed October 26,1899. Serial No. 734,828. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS A. OASGRAIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Winchester, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Machines for Making and Inserting Metallic Fastenings, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like charac ters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention consists of a new machine for making and inserting a new fastening formed from a continuous wire for uniting layers of material, such as the soles of boots or shoes. Not only is the machine new, but there are also embodied in the machine many novel devices and combinations of mechanism, which also form part of my invention. The fastening formed and driven by this machine has a head with a depending point, and when the fastening is driven this depending point enters the stock and the head is seated, effectually preventing any further movement of the fastening into the stock and insuring a uniform presentation of the heads. Also the point of the fastening is clenched on a horn and turned upward toward the depending head, and this prevents any outward movement of the fastening, and in this Way I give to the fastening formed and driven by this machine a double clench-that is, when the fastening is driven, both head and point are clenched and all movement of the fastening in either direction is prevented.

My fastening thus consists when it is set or inserted in the stock of a single strand of wire, constituting the shank of the fastening, having hook-shaped ends entering and em bedded in opposite sides of the material. On account of the hook-shaped ends this fastening has a great holding power and at the same time it is possible by reason of the hookshaped ends to use much smaller wire than could otherwise be used, so that there is much less interference with the flexibility of the stock than is the case with other metallic fastenings.

Hy novel machine contains a guideway through which the fastening material is fed for the desired length or for a greater or less distance, according to the thickness of the material to be united, and while the said fastening material is held in or at the end of said guideway said material is acted upon by a shaper, which bends the material and defines the length of the body or shank of the fastening, including its point, and the fastening material so bent is then acted uponby a suitable shear or cutting mechanism which severs the fastening material, preferably diagonally back of the bend made by the shaper, leaving a blank consisting of a shank, and a tapered portion to be subsequently bent to form a head for the fastening. In the further operation of the machine a bender acts upon the short end of the wire extended from the shank and bends it over an anvil, thus completing the head and presenting'a novel fastening comprising a shank of the desired length and ahook-shaped head having a short depending point extending at an angle to the shank. The fastening so formed may then be removed from the anvil, and deposited in a driver-passage preparatory to the descent of a driver to act upon and drive it through a passage in a suitable nose or foot plate adapted to bear upon the surface of the stock sustained in any suitable manner, preferably by a born. The fastening while being driven from the nose or foot plate by the driver is guided and directed in its passage into the stock by the frictional contact of the hookshaped head of the fastening with the walls of the driver-passage, said walls retaining the fastening in the condition of bending while being driven.

The Wire of which the fastening is made is preferably curved, so that the shank of the fastening presents a curve, and the point of the shank is preferably tapered and also slightly beveled at one edge, said curve and bevel being utilized to control the direction of movement of the shank of the fastening as it is being driven through the stock, the shank being so directed as to always insure that its point may correctly enter the inner sole of the shoe.

A fastening having a head of the kind described may be made of comparatively light material-that is, of a wire much smaller in diameter than would be required to form an upset head which would contact with the stock for a distance equal to the part spanned by the bent head of my improved fastening, and so by reason of the shape of the fastening and the manner in which it engages the stock it is possible to separate the fastenings farther when being driven than is the case with an ordinary fastening, thereby lessening the tendency to stiffen the sole, and yet the fastening will hold the material firmly, the depending point of the head aiding very materially in effecting this object.

Different features of my invention will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

Figure 1 represents a right-hand side elevation of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 1 is an enlarged section of Fig. 1 in the dotted line 50 Fig. 1 is a detail showing the lower end of the horn A Fig. 1 is a detail of the latch cooperating with the horn. Fig. 2 is a section below the line Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing the carriage and its slide-bar for carrying the shaping device and bender and the movable member of the cutting means. Fig. 4c represents the eccentric stud h detached. Fig. 5 represents the cutter h in three views detached from the groove represented at the lower end of Fig. 3. Fig. 6, enlarged, represents the upper right-hand side of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a sectional detail in the line 00 Fig. 6; Fig. 7, a detail showing in two views the washer cooperating with the shoe-feeding wheel. Fig. 8 is asection in the line :0 Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a detail representing part of a length-regulating de-- vice. Fig. 10 is a left-hand side view, on a larger scale, of the upper part of the machine represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is a detail of the main level-E on a larger scale than Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is a partial sectional detail in the dotted line x shown on the feed-roll 0 Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a front elevation of the upper end of the machine represented in Fig. 1 on a larger scale than Fig. 1, the clutch-pulleys being represented in section. Fig. 13 is a section in the line 00 Fig. 12, looking to the left. Fig. 13 is a partial vertical section taken in the longitudinal centerof the driverbar chiefly to show the bushing in which the driver-bar Works and the cushion cooperating with the driver to arrest the same at the end of its downstroke. Fig. 14 is a section in the line 00 Fig. 12. Figs. 15 and 16 are details of the brake to stop the machine at a defined position. Fig. 17 is a top or plan view of Fig. 6. Fig. 18 is a detail showing several thicknesses of material which have been united by my improved fastening. Figs. 19, 19, and'19 are details showing the wireguideway, the shaper, the bender, the cutter, and the anvil in their normal positions, the wire having been fed through the guideway for the proper length to make a fastening having a shank of the desired length. Fig. 20 is a detail showing part of the lower end of the shaper and the wire in contact therewith. Figs. 21, 21, and 21 show the wire-guideway, the shaper, bender, and cutter, the latter beingin the position about to finally sever the Wire for the fastening from the main body of the wire. Fig. 22 is a detail showing the shaper and bender detached from the slide bar. Fig. 23 is adetail showing one of my improved fasteningsin two different positions. Fig. 23 shows the curve in the shankput in by the curving device opposite to the curve shown in Fig. 23. Fig. 24 is a detail in the line y, Fig. 21, to show the shape of the groove left after forming the anvil. Figs. 25, 25, and 25 are different views showing the wire-guideway, the shaper, bender, cutter, and anvil in the position they will occupy when the head of the fastening is fully formed. Figs. 26, 26, and 26 show the same parts in the position they will occupy when the fastening has been removed from the anvil and is in position to be struck by the driver to be driven through the nose. Fig. 26 shows the top of the upper end of the nose and the passage therethrough. Fig. 26 shows the under side of the nose. Fig. 27 is a detail showing an inner side view of the inner part of the guideway for the fastening material. Fig. 28 shows the inner side of the delivery end of the outer part of the wire-guideway. Fig. 29 is a perspective View showing both ends of the wireguideway to represent distinctly the cutting edge of the stationary cutting member and the anvil. Fig. 30 is adetail showing in plan view the regulating means for controlling the length of fastening material used in the formation of each fastening. Fig. 31 is a section in the line :r", Fig. 30. Fig. 31 isa section in the line m Fig. 31. Fig. 32 is a plan View of the device instrumental in varying automatically the length of the wire to be fed through the guideway for the production of a fastener. Fig. 33 is a detail showing the ratchet-wheel of the feeding mechanism, the movable pawl-carrier cooperating therewith, and a plurality of pawls, said pawls being mounted upon studs shown in section, the pawls depending from apawl-carrier. Fig. 34 is an edge view of the ratchet-wheel 0 Fig. 35 is a detail representing part of the pawlcarrier 0 and one of the studs. Fig. 36 shows the plate 01 detached, together with the lever (1 carrying the shoe-feeding device. Fig. 36 shows the wire-curver c detached. Fig.

36 shows an enlarged top view of the upper side of the plates of the wire-guideway and part of the movable wire-cutting member cooperating with the part of the wire exposed behind the delivery end of the said guideway, said wire being in position to be severed against the stationary cutter member, the dotted line crossing the wire showing the shape that the end of the wire left in the guideway aftersevering the same will assume, such end constituting the tapered point of the shank or body of the next fastening to be made. Fig. 36 shows the point left at the end of the wire after the fastening is severed. Fig. 36 shows, enlarged, the end of the wire as it will appear when severed diagonally, further illustrating what is herein designated as the tapered and beveled point of the fastening l0 be described. Fig. 36 is an elevation of Fig. 36. Fig. 37 shows the lever E Fig.37 represents the leverD detached. Figs. 38, 39, and 40 show a modification to be referred to, whereby the automatic measurement of the length of the fastening may be suspended and fastenings of two different lengths be inserted, as maybe desired. Fig. 41 is an inner side view of the nutf"; Fig. 42, two views of the lever 10 and Fig. 43 a detail showing the face of the hub (1.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a peculiar-shaped column having suitable feet to stand upon the floor, the upper end of said column being cast to present an open groove substantially \l-shaped in cross-section, said groove receiving in it a substantially V- shaped shank A of a head A of suitable shape to sustain the different working parts to be described, said shank in order that it may be adjusted vertically that the head may stand at different heights from the floor, according to the height of an operator, being provided with a suitable number of holes, as A (see Fig. 6, dotted lines,) through either of which may be extended a suitable clamping-bolt A, the upper end of the column having, preferably, a plurality of holes in which the said bolt may be placed, one of said holes being represented by the letter A The lower end of the shank A is provided, as represented, with a transverse groove (see Fig. 1) which receives a horizontal rib or projection ct, extending from a plate A connected with the said shank by suitable setscrews A Said plate has depending from it an arm A provided, as represented, at its end with a sleeve A through which is extended a horn'spindle A herein represented as of peculiar shape that is, the upper end of the horn-spindle presents its axis of rotation always substantially coincident with or parallel to the line of movement of the driver extended-and said spindle has applied to or forming part of it a collar a, the part of the spindle below said collar being inclined with relation to the upper end of the spindle, said inclined end of the spindle entering the bore in the sleeve A which is also set at an inclination with relation to the line of movement of the driver. The object of this construction of the horn-spindle is to move the clenchingcavity in the tip of the horn slightly away from the line of movement of the driver as the material between the tip of the horn and the nose varies in thickness. This variation in location of the tip of the born by inclining the shank of the horn-spindle is rendered necessary by the fact that owing to the peculiar shape of the fastening, which has a slight bevel on one edge of the flattened or tapered point 23 of its shank g, as at p, Fig. 36, the edge nearer the column as the fastening is driven, the shank of the fastening as it is being driven is slightly inclined away from the column, thereby insuring that the nail shall in its passage through the material properly penetrate the inner sole and not run off into the upper. As a result of this inclination of the horn-spindle with relation to the line of movement of the driver the horn as it moves downward gradually moves away from the line of movement of the driver,the path of movementof the clenchingcavity always beingin a line at an angle to the line of movement of the driver and parallel with the inclined horn-spindle, so that the clenching-cavity is always in proper position to clench the point of the inclined fastening, whatever the thickness of the stock.

The horn-spindle A is supported in a yielding manner between the top of the sleeve and the collar a by means of a suitable spring A The horn A is represented as pivoted upon a stud A extended through suitable ears A of a split hub A herein represented as clamped upon the upper end of the hornspindle by suitable clam p-screws A The lower end of the horn is made substantially circular at 0, and said circular portion is provided with a notch, (see Fig. 1",) which is adapted to be engaged by a suitable latch A mounted upon an eccentric stud-screw A said latch receiving in a tubular portion a thereof at its lower end (see Fig. 1) a spring a Which is regulated as to its pressure by a set-screw a, said spring acting against a fixed part of the sleeve and normally serving to keep the latch in its operative position to engage the shoulder of the horn whenever the latter (the work having been applied to it) is turned into working position. The upper end of the horn is split (see Fig. 6) and receives within it the shank of a cup-shaped pointclenching device a of usual construction.

The spindle A is notched at a to receive the smaller end of a horn-depressing lever a", pivoted at d, said lever having a connected rod a which is extended upwardly through a collar a fixed on said rod, and thence through the horn-elevating spring a and thence through a sleeve a applied loosely to the rod and having at its lower end a flange a, said flange being supported by the spring. The upward movement of the spring-pressed sleeve is limited by the nut a screwed upon a threaded part of the upper end of the rod a The sleeve a, and the rod within it are extended loosely through a hole in a lever 00 connected to and movable with the carriage F, to be described, the flange a of the sleeve contacting with the under side of the end of said lever when the stock on the horn is under pressure. The upper end of the rod a has adjustahly applied to ita block a the position of the block on the rod being adjusted by turning the block on the threaded upper end of the rod, the block being confined TIO in its adjusted position by means of a suitable clamp-screw a". The block a (see Fig. 10) has at its inner side a stud n on which is pivoted a controlling device a, free to slide over a roller a The lower end of the controlling device is represented in detail in Fig. 9 in substantially its lowest position, as when the thinnest stock to be nailed is in position between the tip of the horn and the nose or foot plate, to be described.

Viewing Fig. 1, the lever a is shown as operating against the shoulder at the upper end of the slot 0, in. the horn-spindle. The hornspindle and horn are elevated, and the horn clamps the stock between itself and the nose or foot plate Z). When the stock is being fed, as will be described, the lever 61, is turned away from the upper shoulder of the notch a letting the horn descend to adapt itself to the required thickness of stock upon it, the spring A which is merely a counterbalance for the horn, yielding at such time as may be necessary. The wire or like material I) (see Fig. 1) may be contained on a suitable reel B, as represented at the right in Fig. 1, the axis of rotation of the reel being preferably vertical, the wire being delivered from the inside of the reel in usual manner.

The head A has at its upper end a suitable stud B, which supports a driver-actuating lever E the forward end of which receives over it a substantially V-shaped bail or link B one end of said bail being seated in a notch at the free end of said lever, the projections at the lower end of the link, made, preferably, of spring-wire, entering suitable notches in the ears 6 on a collar b loose on the driver-barb but held by the link against the taper head 5 of the driver-bar. (See Fig. 13.) This construction is much more economical than what has hitherto been used, and in connection with the link and the ballended stud, hereinafter referred to, it forms a very satisfactory connection between the driver bar and its actuating mechanism. This collar b acts upon a suitable washer or cushion b interposed between it and the shoulder q of the head, which deadens the blow against the framework caused by the descent of the driver-bar. The downward movement of the driver is caused through lever B bya spring B surrounding a sleevelike hub of said lever and acting against one end of a stop 13 of said lever, (see Fig. 14,) the .opposite end of the spring abutting against a shoulder B (see Fig. 10) of a plate 13, rotatable about the stud B and adapted to be held in any of the positions in which it may be put in adjusting said spring by means of a suitable pin B carried by the head, the inner end of the pin entering one or the other of a series of holes, as I), in the plate, the plate being rotatable by inserting a suitable lever in a hole or holes, as I), made in bosses at the periphery of the plate B The hole in collar b through which the driver-bar passes is beveled for a portion of its length (see Fig. 13) to correspond with the bevel of the head of the driver-bar; but the lower portion of the hole-that is, the part of it which is below the head of the driver-bar-is, as herein shown, formed with a straight circular wall 19 thus leaving a circular opening Z7 between the driver-bar and the collar below the head of the driver-bar. The object of this circular opening is to receive the end of the bushing 19 which as the leather cushion wears away will protrude more or less above the cushion.

It is not of course essential that the portion of the hole in the collar below the head of the driver-bar be straightas, for instance, the hole in the collar may be beveled for its entire length, but of such a size that the head of the driver-bar will only go part Way through. Any construction which would leave an opening for the protruding bushing would be with in my invention.

1 apply between the free end of the lever B and the upper end of the driver-bar and its collar b a suitable ball-ended stud b". The driver-bar at its lower end carries a suitable driver b held therein by a suitable screw b in any usual manner.

The driver-actuating lever B is herein provided with an extension Z9 (see Fig. 6,) having preferably applied to it and clamped fixedly thereon a suitable steel block or wearplate 19 which is acted upon once during each rotation of the main shaft 0 of the machine by a lump Z3 (see full and dotted lines, Fig. 6,) attached by a screw Z7 to one side of a cam-block 0, carried by said shaft, (see Fig. 14,) said lump meeting the block 11 and turning the lever B in the direction to lift the driver-bar and compress its actuatingspring, the driver-bar being thrown down by said spring whenever the heel 22 of the lump passes the block Z9 In nailing machines as hitherto constructed the leather cushion which is generally on such machines to deaden the blow of the driver has been placed around a bushing which was only of a lengthsubstantially the same as the thickness of the cushion, the sole object of the bushing being to keep the cushion away from the driver to prevent the cushion being carried up by the driver in its backward movement, and such bushing did not act as a bearing for the driver-bar.

In this machine I have for the first time used a" long bushing which not only passes through the leather cushion, but also extends through the frame of the machine and forms the bearing for the driver-bar. This bushing is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 12 and in detail in Fig. 13. This construction is much more economical than that used heretofore in machines of this class. The main shaft 0 in the form in which I have herein represented it is provided with ,a single cam-block C, the periphery of which is eccentric with relation to its center of rotation and is provided with a groove 0 and said block at its righthand side (as the operator faces the machine) is provided with a cam-groove O and at its left-hand side with a cam-groove O. The eccentric periphery of the cam-block O has cooperating with it a brake-shoe G which is made operative in stopping the machine at a defined point, (see Figs. let to 16,) said brakeshoe being notched at its upper side, as at C and having connected with it by screws 0 slotted spring-fingers G which overlap a secant face of a rock-shaft G. Said face and the fingers of the springs are of such length and said springs are so seated upon said face that when the operator has his foot on the treadle to start the machine the rock-shaft acting on the springs will cause them to poise the brake so that both of its ends will be removed from the path in which the eccentric periphery of the cam-block travels. The springs resting on the shaft 0 serve to support the weight of the brake and keep it in its inoperative position awayfrom the periphery of the rotating cam-block when the machine is running. The shaft C has applied in a threaded hole therein a screw 0 said screw being also passed through a set-nut C the lower end of said screw entering a small pit, (see Fig. 15,) made in a shouldered part of the upper side of the brake. The shaft 0 is mounted loosely in suitable bearings in the head A one of said bearings being shown at A Fig. 6. This shaft has pinned to it by a pin 3, Fig. 12, the hub of a three-armed lever G and when said shaft is turned in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 10, the end of the screw G acts to move the brake-shoe toward the eccentric periphery of the cam-block G, causing said brake to meet said eccentric portion and stop the machine at a definite point. The three-armed lever C has connected to one of its arms by suitable set-screws (J a starting and stopping device 0 shown as acurved arm. Said lever also carries a studO. The lever C to start the machine is moved by means of a suitable lever D, represented as of elbow shape, mounted loosely upon a stud D in the head A the outer end of said 1ever being jointed to a stud carried by a block D (see Fig. 6,) suitably clamped by a set-screw D upon a rod D connected at its lower end with a starting-treadle D having its fulcrum at D, said treadle being normally upheld by a suitable spring D connected therewith and with a stud D extended from the column. When the operator puts his foot upon the treadle D to depress it and start the machine, the inner upperend of the lever D meets the stud C and turns the le ver O causing the starting-arm C (see Fig. 10) to be moved away from the center of the cam-shaft C and release a pin D (see Fig. 12,) carried by the fast pulley D secured to said shaft by a pin 5. Said pulley D has a conical clutch-face D which enters a conical recess in the clutchface of the loose pulley D driven constantly by any usual belt from a continuously-moving countershaft.

Said pin D when released permits the spring D surrounding a sleeve D applied to the shaft 0 loosely, to expand and move said sleeve to the right, Fig. 12, causing the clutchpulley D running on said sleeve and acted upon at its outer side by a suitable collar D of the sleeve, to be pushed in clutching contact with and pick up and carry with it the fast pulley and the shaft 0.

Whenever the machine is to be stopped and the operator for that purpose removes his foot from the treadle, the spring (J connected at its lower end to a stud O' fixed on the shank A of the head, (see Fig. 10,) turns the lever C and moves the starting and stopping arm C toward the shaft 0, putting the inclined face of said arm 0 in the path of rotation of said sliding pin D causing it to he slid by contact with said arm for a sufficient distance, when the cam-shaft shall arrive in just the position to be stopped, to force the sleeve D and its collar D in a direction to release the pressure or friction of the loose pulley D from the fast pulley, so that the brake G which then operates, may stop the machine in a defined position.

In case it is desired for any reason to turn the main shaft by hand, the operator, the sleeve D and the loose and fast pulleys being in the position represented in Fig. 12, will engage a pin 6, extended from a stud D mounted loosely in the fast pulley and having a suitable cam-lump 7, turning it from the position shown by full lines into the position shown by dotted lines, thus putting said lump 7 in contact with the flange D at the inner end of said sleeve, keeping the two pulleys out of clutch, and then he may apply a suitable hand-wrench or spanner to the end of the pin D used to secure the collar D upon the shaft, and may turn the main shaft as desired.

The wire b may be led through a suitable guide-eye 0, carried by the rod D (see Fig. 10) and be led lthence through a Wire-curver o to be described, and between the feeding-roll 0 (see Fig. 31) and the pressure-roll 0 said rolls turning about vertical centers and be ing actuated, as will be described, to feed the wire into and through a suitable groove 20, formed, as represented, between or at the inner sides of the two blocks a and c, constituting a guideway for said wire or fastening material. wheels work in the spaces 0 0 (see Fig. 19) at one end of said blocks 0 c, the block 0 constituting the inner part and the block 0 the outer part of the guideway. In making these blocks or parts, their contact-faces having been fitted throughout to touch accurately, I thereafter plane away the contact-face of one of them, herein shown as the inner part 0 from about the dotted line 10, Figs. 19 and 27, to its outer or righthand end, viewing Fig. 19, thus making a sort of rocker face or bed for the part 0 thereby enabling the two faces when put together to have a little play The peripheries of the said feed- IIO one toward the other, and I utilize this play to enable the fastening material to be clamped in the grooves between the two parts 0 c and be held firmly, while the cutter h, to be described, acts to sever the wire diagonally in the formation of ajfastening. Viewing Fig. 19, the faces at the right-hand side of the line 10 are separated, and the material is represented as unclamped and free to be moved longitudinally by the wire-feeding mechanism in the groove between the parts 0 and 0 The feeding-wheel c has preferably a slight groove in its periphery, which may be slightly scored to afford a more positive hold upon the wire. This scoring results in the wire being slightly corrugated as it passes between the feed-rolls. The pressure-roll c is held by a screw 0 on the eccentric end 0 (see Fig. 31) of a headed stud 0 mounted in a suitable bearing in a part of the head A said stud having a handle 0 Fig. 30, which may be engaged by the operator and turned whenever it is desired to remove the pressure-roll away from the feed-roll, such adjustment being especially useful when the operator is introducing the wire into the machine or when it is desired to stop the feeding of the wire for any reason.

A spiral spring C (see Fig. 31) in an opening in the head or frame of the machine has bearing at one end against the head or frame and at the other end against a plunger 0, which contacts with one side of a flattened portion 0 of the eccentric stud 0 said spring tending normally to turn the stud, so as to force the pressure-wheel 0 toward the feedwheel 0, and thereby the pressure of the wheel 0 on the feed-wheel is always made uniform.

The feed-roll c is represented as screwed upon the end of a tube or sleeve 0 passed through a suitable hole in the head, the upper end of said sleeve having fixed upon it a ratchet-wheel 0 the teeth of which may be engaged by one or more pawls 'c 0 each mounted on suitable studs 0 0 depending from a pawlcarrier 0 shown as a disk pinned at 0 (see Fig. 31) upon the upper end of a shaft c having at its lower end an arm 0, represented in Fig. 31 as split at 12, and having a groove or slot at 13, in which may be inserted an arm 14, (represented in Fig. 12,) said arm being made adjustable longitudinally in said slot and being clamped in adjusted position therein by means of a suitable clamp-screw 15, (see Fig. 10,) inserted through a hole 16 in said arm. The arm let has cooperating with it at one end a link or connection 17, which at its opposite end is connected in a hole 18 (see Figs. 7, 8, and 86) of a reciprocating disk-clutch d, having at its under side an annular chamber cl, which fits over the enlarged cooperating clutch-head d connected with the upper end of a shaft d mounted in an arm (Z said shaft having suitably attached to its lower threaded end a shoe-feeding device d represented as a wheel toothed at its periphery and adapted to bear against the edge of the sole of the shoe or other work and feed it over the horn when the latter is in its depressed posit-ion.

The clutch-disk cl is pivoted on the part 01 by a stud-screw (Z and the periphery of the head d is notched, (see Fig. 8,) each notch receiving a roller d which is acted upon by a suitable spring d, the space between the bottom of a notch of said head and the circular inner wall of the clutch-disk d tapering,so that when the said clutch-disk is moved in the direction of the arrow thereon in Fig. 8 the rolls will be made to engage and move with it the head (Z the shaft 61 and its attached feed-wheel th us lHOVl ng the feed-wheel intermittingly step by step.

I interpose between the arms 61 and the wheel (1 a strong friction, as a washer (1 so that the disk d may be moved in the direction opposite the arrow, the rolls then occupying positions in the wider parts of the notches without turning the feed-Wheel backwardly. The arm d which, as above stated, carries shaft 01 is shown in plan view in Fig. 36, said arm being pivoted on a stud-screw (1 inserted in a cap-plate 01 provided with suitable holes c1 to receive suitable screws or bolts, as 61 which pass through said holes and enter threaded holes in the head A (see Fig. 1 1,) suitable screws 6 13 entering the holes d of said plate and holes in the block suit-ably held in position by bolts (Z and d, the bolts 61 entering suitable threaded holes in the head, while the bolts (Z are extended through suitable holes d in the parts 0 and c and enter suitably-threaded holes in the head, the block d and the plate (1 when in position aflording a suitable space to receive between them and inclose the parts 0 and 0 The pawl-carrier 0 has a portion of its periphery toothed, as at 20, (see Fig. 30,) to be engaged by a slide-bar e, also represented as toothed, connected at one end with a stud 6', carried by a lever E, (shown detached in Fig. 11,) said lever having two arms 6 6 the hub e of said lever being mounted loosely upon the rock-shaft C. These arms 6 and c are of different length. The short arms 6 of the lever E has a roller or other stud 6 (shown by full and dotted lines in Fig. 6,) which enters the cam-groove C in the cam-block C, the end of the arm 6 (better represented in Fig. 14:) being connected with the rack-bar e, referred to. Said rack-bar and pawl-carrier 0 have a uniform definite stroke; but the pawls 0 and e on the carrier will be ef fective to a greater or less degree in turning the ratchet-wheel 0 according to the points at which they engage the ratchet-wheel. The pawls are made effective in their forward movement, always stopping at the same po sition; but they cannot engage the ratchetwheel 0 until they pass the shields e a connected, respectively, by screws 6 e with a feed-regulator 6 having an upwardly-extended hub 6 the screws entering holes in the hub, said screws being omitted in Fig. 33, because said figu re merely shows the position of the shield about the ratchet-teeth. The regulator e surrounds loosely a suitable boss e erected upon the head A (see Fig. 31,) and said regulator is provided with a series of locking-teeth a, (see Fig. 32,) which may be engaged at suitable times by a locking device 6 shown in Fig. 30 as a spring-pressed pawl. Said locking device or pawl is struck at each operation of the machine and at a time when the stock is clamped between the horn and nose by a pin 6 (see Fig. 3,) extended from the carriage F, said pin turning the pawl, releasing the regulating device, and permitting a spring e connected with the regulator at one end and at its opposite end, as herein shown, to the rod D to turn the regulator backwardly, taking with it the shields referred to. The position of the regulator is variable according to the varying positions of an arm 6 of a two-armed lever e (see Fig. 37,) the other arm being herein represented at 6 said arms being bored, as represented in said figure, to fitloosely over and turn on the stud D. The end of the arm 6 is bored (see Figs. 10 and 37) to receive an adjustable contact-piece 6 carried by a rod (2 connected with the regulating device 6 and the arm 6 has a stud 6 (see Fig. 9,) provided, as represented, with a roller 6 which at each operation of the machine is put or held by the spring 6 in contact with the cam-surface 61 of the controlling device a, hereinbefore described, the position of which with relation to said roller after each release of said looking device 6 depends on the thickness of the stock between the horn or stock support and the nose b. By the change of position of the cam a the position of the regulator will be changed automatically as the stock varies in thickness.

\Vhen the stock is thick, the shields must be moved backwardly farther with relation to the teeth of the toothed wheel 0 forming part of the wire-feeding mechanism, than when the stock is thin, in order that the feeding-pawls 0 and 0 may engage said teeth sooner in the forward stroke, the position of the regulator under the control of the spring e being determined, as stated, by the position of the arm 2 of the lever E referred to.

The regulator for convenience may be provided with scale-marks, said scale-marks indicating lengths of fastenings to be made. A suitable pointer, as f, connected to the head A by a screwf, serves as a defining-point with relation to which the center of the regulator may be put by hand, according to the length of the fastening desired when starting the machine, but thereafter the regulator will be controlled in its movements entirely by the position of the carnsurface a that depending upon the thickness of the stock.

I have shown the regulator as provided with a hole f in which I may place a steel spring f, the upper end of which is shown in Fig. 32, said spring being represented in section in Fig. 31. The open slot of this spring is represented (see Fig. 31) as entering an annular groove in an adjustingscrcw f and by turning said screw the pressure of the spring against the hub e may be increased or lessened in case it may be desired to pro duce more or less friction between the regulator and the h ub, about which it turns. The annulargroove in the screw by engaging the spring prevents the screw from escaping from the threaded hole in the regulator.

The lever or arm (1 carrying the shoe-feeding wheel (1, is provided with a hole which receives through it a screw threaded rod 5, pivoted at its inner end to the plate (1 and said rod inside the hub d of the arm d receives upon it a suitable spiral spring f (shown by dotted lines, Fig. 36,) the end of the rod outside the arm receiving an adjust ing-nutf the position of which determines the position of the edge of the feeding-wheel and the distance from the edge of the sole at which the fastening shall be driven, this feed-wheel also constituting an edge gage. It is, however, sometimes desirable to change the point at which the 'fastenings are driven with relation to the edge of the sole, especially when inserting fastenings about the heel end of the sole, to thus insure the entrance of the fastenings in the heel end of the inner sole, and also at times it may be considered desirable in some classes of work to drive a second row of fastenings. I provide for this variation in operative position of the edge of the feeding-wheel d with relation to the vertical line in which the driver moves by interposing between said nut f and the hub of the arm (1 a feeding-wheel-positioning device, it being herein represented as a lever having a series of graded cams, in this instance of my invention represented three surfaces 10 U112 @0 one or the other of said surfaces being held by the spring f against a cam projection 10 extended from the end of the hub (1. (See Figs. 36 and 43.)

Fig. 36 shows the high part 10 of the positioning device resting against the high part 20 the position occupied by the feed-wheel at such time insuring the driving of the fastenings in the line nearest the edge of the sole, as when the fore part of the sole is being united to the upper and inner sole. The lever having the graded cam-surfaces has at its rear side (see Fig. 42) a series of holes 20 one or the other of which may be made to engage a short stud w", occupying a fixed position at the inner side of the nut f (see Fig. 41,) said nutalso having its hub U118 extended therefrom sufficiently to constitute a bearing for said lever. This positioning device affords a ready and quick means by which the operator without stopping the machine may instantly change the position of the acting edge of the shoe-feeding wheel to put it in the desired position with relation to the path 0f movement of the driver to insure the driving of a series of fastenings at the desired distance from the edge of the sole, and by adjusting said positioning device as herein provided for I am enabled by reason of the three varying surfaces to provide for three different lines of nailing, and to insure exceeding fine adjustments I may turn the positioning device on or with relation to the nut so as to let one or the other of the holes w engage the pin w, so that the high point to of the said positioning device carried by the screw-threaded nntinay occupy anyexact position desired. It will therefore be understood that by rotating the nut f the feed-wheel may be located at any desired distance from the line of movement of the driver, the edge of the feed-wheel also constituting an edge gage to determine the distance at which the line of fastenings maybe inserted with relation to the sole into which the fastenings are being driven. The spring referred to performs simply the function of keeping the arm against the inner side of the positioning device.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the pawl-carrier 0 has a uniform stroke, that said pawl-carrier is connected with a rock-shaft 0 for imparting movement to the shoe-feeding device, and that the movement of said shaft derived from said pawl-carrier is always the same; but the pawls carried by said pawl-carrier in the movement of said carrier are made to operate the wire-feeding mechanism for variable distances, according to variations desired in the length of the fastenings to be made, and preferably this variation is effected automatically by variations in thickness of the stock.

Having now described the wire-feeding mechanism and the parts constituting the wire-guide, I will now describe the manner of shaping, cutting, and bending the wire in the formation of the fastening which this machine has been devised to produce.

Herein for sake of simplicity I have connected with the parts 0 and c certain operative parts, such as the under or stationary cutting edge g and the anvil g, making the said parts in one piece with the part 0 simplifying and cheapening the construction of the machine, and establishing a certain fixidity of the parts which is very desirable; but

it will be understood that the edge C, constituting the under or stationary device of the wire-cutting mechanism, and the anvil might be made in separate pieces and suitably supported at or near the end of the part 0 With this intimation as to a feasible modification of my invention I will state that the end of the piece 0 has a shaping-surface 9 constituting the outer side of the anvil g, and at the'junction of said face and that portion of the part c presenting the cutting edge g I have formed a notch 9 thereby reducing the efiective length of the edge g and defining the position of said edge withrelation to the face g so that said edgewill start to cut into the wire at a slight distance from the vertical plane of the face 9, such shape and location of the cutting edge g enabling more stock to be left in the bend of the wire to constitute the head of the fastening than if the said edge intersected the face 9 The action of this edge is represented in Fig. 23, where I have represented a portion of the stock 9 as left in the wire at-the inside of the bend g made when the shank g of the fastening is formed in making the first bendin the wire, the bend g constituting the starting of the head of the fastening. Viewing Figs. 19, 19 and 19 and also Figs. 27 and 29, it will be noticed that the ends of the parts or blocks 0 and c are cut away, and viewing particularly Figs. 27 and 28, representing the inner sides of the two parts 0 and c and the groove in which the wire is fed, it will be seen that the upper surface left by removing portions of the parts 0 and c exposes the wire, as represented by full lines in Figs. 19 and 36*, and the delivery end of said groove is somewhat inclined upwardly, as best represented in Fig. 27, to slightly elevate the wire as it leaves the groove, such u pturning of the wire at the delivery end of the groove giving it an upward curve. This curved portion of wire constitutes the shank or body g of the fastening, which curves outward or away from the head, as shown at the right in Fig. 23. Giving this shape to the fastening enables it to be driven straighter than would be the case if the shank or body were straight, as a straight shank in a fastening of this description has a tendency to curl or bend toward the depending head when the driver is acting on the one-sided head. While the wire is exposed in the groove of the guideway the blank for the fastening is severed by the movable cutter h cooperating with the stationary cutter g. This 'lnovable cutter 77. (shown detached in Fig. 5) is secured in the groove h at the lower end of the carriage F, being held in place by plate 71 secured by set-screws 77. (See Figs. 6 and 14.) These cutters are formed to sever the wire diagonally, thus forming a tapered head-forming portion for the fastening and also leaving a tapered portion on the wire to form the point of the fastening next to be made. Herein as the cutters cut the wire to present a tapered end 23 they also form a bevelp (see Figs. 36 and 36) at one edge of the tapered point, said point constituting a point for the next fastening to be made. The carriage F, hereinbefore referred to, is shown detached in Fig. 3 and in position in Figs. 1, 6, and 12, it being herein represented as having a split part 7L2 to embrace an eccentric stud 77. the outline of which is represented by dotted lines in Fig. 12, said stud entering a bearing in the head A and being retained therein by a suitable screw 7%, inserted through a washer 71 the end of said stud being square to be engaged by a suitable wrench, in order to turn the stud, and thereby adjust the carriage, as herein represented, vertically, in order that the lower or cutting edge of the end of the movable cutter-blade may come properly in alinement with the edge of the stationary cutter 9, such adjustment being necessary at times to provide for adjustment of the parts due to wear in use and also enabling the point to be varied as to lhickness. The stud 113, on which is pivoted the carriage carrying the movable cutter, occupies a position substantially parallel to the wire-passage of the wireguideway, and the power for actuating said carriage is so exerted that when the movable cutter meets the wire to sever it between itself and the fixed cutter the movable cutter is maintained in close contact with the stationary cutter, and owing to the direction in which the actuating power is applied to the carriage the movable cutter is prevented from rising as it meets the wire. The carriage F is clamped on its stud by a suitable clamp-screw h and has a suitable hole It (see Fig. 3) made in it at the inner end of a slot to thus form a split or clamping section, and said hole receives a stud h having an eccentric end h", thus making of it an eccentric stud.

The stud is clamped in the hole of the carriage by means of a suitable clamp-screw h and the eccentric end it of the stud receives upon it a suitable roller h (Shown by dotted lines in Fig. 14.) The roller-stud enters the cam-groove C (see Figs. 10 and 14) in the left-hand side of the canrblock C, said groove being hereinbefore referred to, it acting to move the carriage F to and fro at the proper time, said movement in the form in which I have chosen to represent my invention being an oscillating movement; but it will be obvious that the movement might be one of reciprocation and accomplish the same results that is, to cause the movable cutter member carried by it to be actuated at the proper times and put the shaping device and the bender, to be hereinafter described carried by it in position at the proper times to operate, as'will now be explained. The carriage F is grooved at its inner side at h (see Fig. 3) to receive the shank of a slide-bar h, herein represented as toothed at 71 said bar deriving vertical movement in said carriage from the teeth of a sector-lever h (Shown by full and dotted lines in Fig. 6.) Said lever is pivoted on a suitable stud h", (see Fig. 6,) sustained in a hole It (see Fig. 3) of said carriage, the opposite end of said lever having clamped in it a suitable stud h, like the eccentric stud 7L represented in Fig. 4 and before described, said stud receiving upon it a roll, as 72 which enters the groove 0 in the right-hand face of the cam.- block C, said groove operating said toothed lever to reciprocate said slide at the proper time, the effective stroke of said slide in said carriage, herein represented as vertical, being determined or regulated by the adjustment of the stud h. This adjustment is very desirable, as thereby it is possible to put the preferablyinclined lower end or shoulder 28 of the shaping device m at any desired position with relation to the center line of the groove guiding the wire in order that the up turning of the wire as it is being fed out of the guideway, as described, may be limited, and thereby the degree of curvature to be put into the shank of the fastening may be controlled. The bar It referred to is notched at 72, (see Fig. 3) to receive a projection h, extended from one side of what I have herein chosen to designate as the shaper or shaping device on, said device being secured in said groove at the lower end of said bar by means of a suitable clamp-screw h Preferably this shaping device has connected with and forming part of it a bender m, and between the said bender and the said shaping device there is a passage m (see Fig. 21,) which serves as a guide for the driver 19 and also receives the formed fastening and holds it in its formed condition in position under the driver. The nose b, depending from the plate (1 before described, is provided with a driver and fastening passage 30, which occupies aposition normally fixed with relation to the front line of the anvil g, the lower end of said nose receiving the stock against it and constituting, as represented, a stationary foot, against which the upper side of the stock is pressed by the horn sustaining the under side of the stock. The nose is of somewhat peculiar shape-that is, viewing Figs. 6 and 19 one side thereof is concaved, as at 31, to thereby leave a projection or lip 32, which may be of any desired width and which engages the lip of the channel in the sole. Viewing par ticularly Figs. 19 and 22, it will be seen that the lower end of the bender is inclined from its acting corner 33 (see Fig. 19") upwardly and forwardly, thus leaving a clearance below its lower end and the groove 3a, (shown in Figs. 25 and 26,) made in the upper end of the nose at one side of the point where it is attached to the plate (Z by the set-screw 35, said groove cooperating with the inclined end of the bender to prevent the accumulation under the bender of any waste, dirt, &c., which might accumulate there in the operation of the machine, the said groove affording a channel for the escape'of any chips, the. Assuming that the wire or fastening material has been fed through the guideway into position, Figs. 19 and 20, the delivery ends of the parts 0 c are forced firmly together to clamp and hold the wire in the position shown in said figure by means of a lever n, having at one end a stud it, (represented by dotted lines, Fig. 6, and in section, Fig. 14,) said stud preferably forming a part of the lever and entering a suitable hole (see Fig. 14:) in the head A the lever being provided at its opposite end with a suitable roller stud n normally kept pressed against the periphery of the eccentric faced cam block 0, the roller traveling in the groove 0 therein. The lever n (see Figs. 6 and 14) has a shoulder M, which normally abuts against the rear IIO 

